JavaRush /Java blogi /Random-UZ /Java-da dizayn naqshlari [2-qism]

Daraja

Киев

28 February 2021
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Java-da dizayn naqshlari [2-qism]

Hammaga salom. Eski mavzuimda men har bir naqshni qisqacha tasvirlab berdim, bu mavzuda naqshlardan qanday foydalanishni batafsil ko'rsatishga harakat qilaman.

Generativ

Singleton

Tavsif :

Sinfning bir nusxasini yaratishni cheklaydi va uning yagona ob'ektiga kirishni ta'minlaydi. Sinf konstruktori xususiydir. Usul getInstance()sinfning faqat bitta nusxasini yaratadi.

Amalga oshirish:

class Singleton {
    private static Singleton instance = null;
    private Singleton() {}
    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Singleton();
		}
        return instance;
    }
    public void setUp() {
        System.out.println("setUp");
    }
}

public class SingletonTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Singleton singelton = Singleton.getInstance();
        singelton.setUp();
    }
}

Zavod

Tavsif :

Bizda bir nechta kichik sinflarga ega super sinf mavjud bo'lganda foydalaniladi va kirish asosida biz quyi sinfdan birini qaytarishimiz kerak. Sinf qaysi turdagi ob'ektni yaratish kerakligini bilmaydi. Ob'ektlar kiruvchi ma'lumotlarga qarab yaratiladi.

Amalga oshirish:

class Factory {
    public OS getCurrentOS(String inputos) {
        OS os = null;
        if (inputos.equals("windows")) {
            os = new windowsOS();
        } else if (inputos.equals("linux")) {
            os = new linuxOS();
        } else if (inputos.equals("mac")) {
            os = new macOS();
        }
        return os;
    }
}
interface OS {
    void getOS();
}
class windowsOS implements OS {
    public void getOS () {
        System.out.println("применить для виндовс");
    }
}
class linuxOS implements OS {
    public void getOS () {
        System.out.println("применить для линукс");
    }
}
class macOS implements OS {
    public void getOS () {
        System.out.println("применить для мак");
    }
}

public class FactoryTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args){
        String win = "linux";
        Factory factory = new Factory();
        OS os = factory.getCurrentOS(win);
        os.getOS();
    }
}

Abstrakt zavod

Tavsif :

Mumkin bo'lgan fabrikalar oilasidan ma'lum bir zavod dasturini tanlash imkonini beradi. Tegishli ob'ektlar oilasini yaratadi. Kengaytirish oson.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Lada {
    long getLadaPrice();
}
interface Ferrari {
    long getFerrariPrice();
}
interface Porshe {
    long getPorshePrice();
}
interface InteAbsFactory {
    Lada getLada();
    Ferrari getFerrari();
    Porshe getPorshe();
}
class UaLadaImpl implements Lada {// первая
    public long getLadaPrice() {
        return 1000;
    }
}
class UaFerrariImpl implements Ferrari {
    public long getFerrariPrice() {
        return 3000;
    }
}
class UaPorsheImpl implements Porshe {
    public long getPorshePrice() {
        return 2000;
    }
}
class UaCarPriceAbsFactory implements InteAbsFactory {
    public Lada getLada() {
        return new UaLadaImpl();
    }
    public Ferrari getFerrari() {
        return new UaFerrariImpl();
    }
    public Porshe getPorshe() {
        return new UaPorsheImpl();
    }
}// первая
class RuLadaImpl implements Lada {// вторая
    public long getLadaPrice() {
        return 10000;
    }
}
class RuFerrariImpl implements Ferrari {
    public long getFerrariPrice() {
        return 30000;
    }
}
class RuPorsheImpl implements Porshe {
    public long getPorshePrice() {
        return 20000;
    }
}
class RuCarPriceAbsFactory implements InteAbsFactory {
    public Lada getLada() {
        return new RuLadaImpl();
    }
    public Ferrari getFerrari() {
        return new RuFerrariImpl();
    }
    public Porshe getPorshe() {
        return new RuPorsheImpl();
    }
}// вторая

public class AbstractFactoryTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String country = "UA";
        InteAbsFactory ifactory = null;
        if(country.equals("UA")) {
            ifactory = new UaCarPriceAbsFactory();
        } else if(country.equals("RU")) {
            ifactory = new RuCarPriceAbsFactory();
        }

        Lada lada = ifactory.getLada();
        System.out.println(lada.getLadaPrice());
    }
}

Quruvchi

Tavsif :

Oddiy ob'ektlar yordamida murakkab ob'ektni yaratish uchun foydalaniladi. Asta-sekin u kichik va oddiy ob'ektdan kattaroq ob'ektni yaratadi. Yakuniy mahsulotning ichki ko'rinishini o'zgartirishga imkon beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

class Car {
    public void buildBase() {
        print("Doing корпус");
    }
    public void buildWheels() {
        print("Ставим колесо");
    }
    public void buildEngine(Engine engine) {
        print("Ставим движок: " + engine.getEngineType());
    }
    private void print(String msg){
        System.out.println(msg);
    }
}
interface Engine {
    String getEngineType();
}
class OneEngine implements Engine {
    public String getEngineType() {
        return "Первый двигатель";
    }
}
class TwoEngine implements Engine {
    public String getEngineType() {
        return "Второй двигатель";
    }
}
abstract class Builder {
    protected Car car;
    public abstract Car buildCar();
}
class OneBuilderImpl extends Builder {
    public OneBuilderImpl(){
        car = new Car();
    }
    public Car buildCar() {
        car.buildBase();
        car.buildWheels();
        Engine engine = new OneEngine();
        car.buildEngine(engine);
        return car;
    }
}
class TwoBuilderImpl extends Builder {
    public TwoBuilderImpl(){
        car = new Car();
    }
    public Car buildCar() {
        car.buildBase();
        car.buildWheels();
        Engine engine = new OneEngine();
        car.buildEngine(engine);
        car.buildWheels();
        engine = new TwoEngine();
        car.buildEngine(engine);
        return car;
    }
}
class Build {
    private Builder builder;
    public Build(int i){
        if(i == 1) {
            builder = new OneBuilderImpl();
        } else if(i == 2) {
            builder = new TwoBuilderImpl();
        }
    }
    public Car buildCar(){
        return builder.buildCar();
    }
}

public class BuilderTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Build build = new Build(1);
        build.buildCar();
    }
}

Prototip

Tavsif :

Yaxshiroq ishlashga ega bo'lgan takroriy ob'ektni yaratishga yordam beradi, yangisini yaratish o'rniga, mavjud ob'ektning qaytarilgan kloni yaratiladi. Mavjud ob'ektni klonlaydi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Copyable {
    Copyable copy();
}
class ComplicatedObject implements Copyable {
    private Type type;
    public enum Type {
        ONE, TWO
    }
    public ComplicatedObject copy() {
        ComplicatedObject complicatedobject = new ComplicatedObject();
        return complicatedobject;
    }
    public void setType(Type type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
}

public class PrototypeTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ComplicatedObject prototype = new ComplicatedObject();
        ComplicatedObject clone = prototype.copy();
        clone.setType(ComplicatedObject.Type.ONE);
    }
}

Strukturaviy

Adapter

Tavsif :

Naqsh yordamida biz ikkita mos kelmaydigan ob'ektni birlashtira olamiz. Ikki mos kelmaydigan ob'ektlar orasidagi konvertor.

Amalga oshirish:

class PBank {
	private int balance;
	public PBank() { balance = 100; }
	public void getBalance() {
		System.out.println("PBank balance = " + balance);
	}
}
class ABank {
	private int balance;
	public ABank() { balance = 200; }
	public void getBalance() {
		System.out.println("ABank balance = " + balance);
	}
}
class PBankAdapter extends PBank {
	private ABank abank;
	public PBankAdapter(ABank abank) {
		this.abank = abank;
	}
	public void getBalance() {
		abank.getBalance();
	}
}

public class AdapterTest {//тест
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		PBank pbank = new PBank();
		pbank.getBalance();
		PBankAdapter abank = new PBankAdapter(new ABank());
		abank.getBalance();
	}
}

Kompozit

Tavsif :

Bitta sinfdan foydalanib, bir nechta ob'ektlarni daraxt tuzilishiga guruhlaydi. Bitta ob'ekt orqali bir nechta sinflar bilan ishlash imkonini beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
interface Car {
    void draw(String color);
}
class SportCar implements Car {
    public void draw(String color) {
        System.out.println("SportCar color: " + color);
    }
}
class UnknownCar implements Car {
    public void draw(String color) {
        System.out.println("UnknownCar color: " + color);
    }
}
class Drawing implements Car {
    private List<Car> cars = new ArrayList<Car>();
    public void draw(String color) {
        for(Car car : cars) {
            car.draw(color);
        }
    }
    public void add(Car s){
        this.cars.add(s);
    }
    public void clear(){
		System.out.println();
        this.cars.clear();
    }
}

public class CompositeTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car sportCar = new SportCar();
        Car unknownCar = new UnknownCar();
        Drawing drawing = new Drawing();
        drawing.add(sportCar);
        drawing.add(unknownCar);
        drawing.draw("green");
        drawing.clear();
        drawing.add(sportCar);
        drawing.add(unknownCar);
        drawing.draw("white");
    }
}

Proksi

Tavsif :

Boshqa ob'ektlarni qo'ng'iroqlarini ushlab turish orqali boshqarishi mumkin bo'lgan ob'ektlarni ifodalaydi. Asl ob'ektga qo'ng'iroqni ushlab turish mumkin.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Image {
    void display();
}
class RealImage implements Image {
    private String file;
    public RealImage(String file){
        this.file = file;
        load(file);
    }
    private void load(String file){
        System.out.println("Загрузка " + file);
    }
    public void display() {
        System.out.println("Просмотр " + file);
    }
}
class ProxyImage implements Image {
    private String file;
    private RealImage image;
    public ProxyImage(String file){
        this.file = file;
    }
    public void display() {
        if(image == null){
            image = new RealImage(file);
        }
        image.display();
    }
}

public class ProxyTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Image image = new ProxyImage("test.jpg");
        image.display();
        image.display();
    }
}

Parvoz vazni

Tavsif :

Ko'p sonli o'xshash ob'ektlarni yaratish o'rniga, ob'ektlar qayta ishlatiladi. Xotirani saqlaydi.

Amalga oshirish:

class Flyweight {
    private int row;
    public Flyweight(int row) {
        this.row = row;
        System.out.println("ctor: " + this.row);
    }
    void report(int col) {
        System.out.print(" " + row + col);
    }
}

class Factory {
    private Flyweight[] pool;
    public Factory(int maxRows) {
        pool = new Flyweight[maxRows];
    }
    public Flyweight getFlyweight(int row) {
        if (pool[row] == null) {
            pool[row] = new Flyweight(row);
        }
        return pool[row];
    }
}

public class FlyweightTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int rows = 5;
        Factory theFactory = new Factory(rows);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < rows; j++) {
                theFactory.getFlyweight(i).report(j);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

Fasad

Tavsif :

Barcha qo'ng'iroqlarni bitta ob'ektga yuborish orqali murakkab sinf tizimini yashiradi. Bir nechta murakkab ob'ektlarga qo'ng'iroqni bitta ob'ektga joylashtiradi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Car {
    void start();
    void stop();
}
class Key implements Car {
    public void start() {
        System.out.println("Вставить ключи");
    }
    public void stop() {
        System.out.println("Вытянуть ключи");
    }
}
class Engine implements Car {
    public void start() {
        System.out.println("Запустить двигатель");
    }
    public void stop() {
        System.out.println("Остановить двигатель");
    }
}
class Facade {
    private Key key;
    private Engine engine;
    public Facade() {
        key = new Key();
        engine = new Engine();
    }
    public void startCar() {
        key.start();
        engine.start();
    }
    public void stoptCar() {
        key.stop();
        engine.stop();
    }
}

public class FacadeTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Facade facade = new Facade();
        facade.startCar();
        System.out.println();
        facade.stoptCar();
    }
}

Ko'prik

Tavsif :

Amalga oshirish va mavhumlikni ajratib turadi, bu ularni bir-biridan erkin o'zgartirish imkonini beradi. Aniq sinflarni interfeysni amalga oshirish sinflaridan mustaqil qiladi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Engine {
    void setEngine();
}
abstract class Car {
    protected Engine engine;
    public Car(Engine engine){
        this.engine = engine;
    }
    abstract public void setEngine();
}
class SportCar extends Car {
    public SportCar(Engine engine) {
        super(engine);
    }
    public void setEngine() {
        System.out.print("SportCar engine: ");
        engine.setEngine();
    }
}
class UnknownCar extends Car {
    public UnknownCar(Engine engine) {
        super(engine);
    }
    public void setEngine() {
        System.out.print("UnknownCar engine: ");
        engine.setEngine();
    }
}
class SportEngine implements Engine {
    public void setEngine(){
        System.out.println("sport");
    }
}
class UnknownEngine implements Engine {
    public void setEngine(){
        System.out.println("unknown");
    }
}
public class BridgeTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car sportCar = new SportCar(new SportEngine());
        sportCar.setEngine();
        System.out.println();
        Car unknownCar = new UnknownCar(new UnknownEngine());
        unknownCar.setEngine();
    }
}

Dekorator

Tavsif :

Mavjud ob'ektga uning tuzilishini bog'lamasdan yangi funksiyalar qo'shadi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Car {
    void draw();
}
class SportCar implements Car {
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("SportCar");
    }
}
class UnknownCar implements Car {
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("UnknownCar");
    }
}
abstract class CarDecorator implements Car {
    protected Car decorated;
    public CarDecorator(Car decorated){
        this.decorated = decorated;
    }
    public void draw(){
        decorated.draw();
    }
}
class BlueCarDecorator extends CarDecorator {
    public BlueCarDecorator(Car decorated) {
        super(decorated);
    }
    public void draw() {
        decorated.draw();
        setColor();
    }
    private void setColor(){
        System.out.println("Color: red");
    }
}

public class DecoratorTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car sportCar = new SportCar();
        Car blueUnknownCar = new BlueCarDecorator(new UnknownCar());
        sportCar.draw();
        System.out.println();
        blueUnknownCar.draw();
    }
}

Xulq-atvor

Shablon usuli

Tavsif :

Algoritmning asosini aniqlash imkonini beradi va kichik sinflarga algoritmning umumiy tuzilishini o‘zgartirmagan holda uning muayyan bosqichlarini bekor qilishga imkon beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

abstract class Car {
    abstract void startEngine();
    abstract void stopEngine();

    public final void start(){
        startEngine();
        stopEngine();
    }
}
class OneCar extends Car {
    public void startEngine() {
        System.out.println("Start engine.");
    }
    public void stopEngine() {
        System.out.println("Stop engine.");
    }
}
class TwoCar extends Car {
    public void startEngine() {
        System.out.println("Start engine.");
    }
    public void stopEngine() {
        System.out.println("Stop engine.");
    }
}

public class TemplateTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car car1 = new OneCar();
        car1.start();
        System.out.println();
        Car car2 = new TwoCar();
        car2.start();
    }
}

Vositachi

Tavsif :

Turli sinflar orasidagi barcha aloqalarni boshqaradigan vositachi sinfini taqdim etadi.

Amalga oshirish:

class Mediator {
    public static void sendMessage(User user, String msg){
        System.out.println(user.getName() + ": " + msg);
    }
}
class User {
    private String name;
    public User(String name){
        this.name  = name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void sendMessage(String msg){
        Mediator.sendMessage(this, msg);
    }
}

public class MediatorTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user1 = new User("user1");
        User user2 = new User("user2");
        user1.sendMessage("message1");
        user2.sendMessage("message2");
    }
}

Mas'uliyat zanjiri

Tavsif :

So'rovni jo'natuvchining uni oluvchiga qat'iy bog'liqligidan qochish imkonini beradi, shu bilan birga so'rov bir nechta ob'ektlar tomonidan qayta ishlanishi mumkin.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Payment {
    void setNext(Payment payment);
    void pay();
}
class VisaPayment implements Payment {
    private Payment payment;
    public void setNext(Payment payment) {
        this.payment = payment;
    }
    public void pay() {
        System.out.println("Visa Payment");
    }
}
class PayPalPayment implements Payment {
    private Payment payment;
    public void setNext(Payment payment) {
        this.payment = payment;
    }
    public void pay() {
        System.out.println("PayPal Payment");
    }
}

public class ChainofResponsibilityTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Payment visaPayment = new VisaPayment();
        Payment payPalPayment = new PayPalPayment();
        visaPayment.setNext(payPalPayment);
        visaPayment.pay();
    }
}

Kuzatuvchi

Tavsif :

Bir ob'ektga boshqa ob'ektlarda sodir bo'ladigan harakatlarni kuzatish imkonini beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
interface Observer {
    void event(List<String> strings);
}
class University {
    private List<Observer> observers = new ArrayList<Observer>();
    private List<String> students = new ArrayList<String>();
    public void addStudent(String name) {
        students.add(name);
        notifyObservers();
    }
    public void removeStudent(String name) {
        students.remove(name);
        notifyObservers();
    }
    public void addObserver(Observer observer){
        observers.add(observer);
    }
    public void removeObserver(Observer observer) {
        observers.remove(observer);
    }
    public void notifyObservers(){
        for (Observer observer : observers) {
            observer.event(students);
        }
    }
}
class Director implements Observer {
    public void event(List<String> strings) {
        System.out.println("The list of students has changed: " + strings);
    }
}

public class ObserverTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        University university = new University();
        Director director = new Director();
        university.addStudent("Vaska");
        university.addObserver(director);
        university.addStudent("Anna");
        university.removeStudent("Vaska");
    }
}

Strategiya

Tavsif :

Ularning o'zaro ta'sirini ta'minlaydigan bir qator algoritmlarni belgilaydi. Dasturni bajarish jarayonida strategiya algoritmini o'zgartirish mumkin.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Strategy {
    void download(String file);
}
class DownloadWindownsStrategy implements Strategy {
    public void download(String file) {
        System.out.println("windows download: " + file);
    }
}
class DownloadLinuxStrategy implements Strategy {
    public void download(String file) {
        System.out.println("linux download: " + file);
    }
}
class Context {
    private Strategy strategy;
    public Context(Strategy strategy){
        this.strategy = strategy;
    }
    public void download(String file){
        strategy.download(file);
    }
}

public class StrategyTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Context context = new Context(new DownloadWindownsStrategy());
        context.download("file.txt");
        context = new Context(new DownloadLinuxStrategy());
        context.download("file.txt");
    }
}

Buyruq

Tavsif :

Turli operatsiyalarni alohida ob'ektlarga inkapsulyatsiya qilish imkonini beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Command {
    void execute();
}
class Car {
    public void startEngine() {
        System.out.println("запустить двигатель");
    }
    public void stopEngine() {
        System.out.println("остановить двигатель");
    }
}
class StartCar implements Command {
    Car car;
    public StartCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
    public void execute() {
        car.startEngine();
    }
}
class StopCar implements Command {
    Car car;
    public StopCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
    public void execute() {
        car.stopEngine();
    }
}
class CarInvoker {
    public Command command;
    public CarInvoker(Command command){
        this.command = command;
    }
    public void execute(){
        this.command.execute();
    }
}

public class CommandTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car car = new Car();
        StartCar startCar = new StartCar(car);
        StopCar stopCar = new StopCar(car);
        CarInvoker carInvoker = new CarInvoker(startCar);
        carInvoker.execute();
    }
}

Davlat

Tavsif :

Ob'ektning holatiga qarab o'z harakatini o'zgartirishga imkon beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface State {
    void doAction();
}
class StartPlay implements State {
    public void doAction() {
        System.out.println("start play");
    }
}
class StopPlay implements State {
    public void doAction() {
        System.out.println("stop play");
    }
}
class PlayContext implements State {
    private State state;
    public void setState(State state){
        this.state = state;
    }
    public void doAction() {
        this.state.doAction();
    }
}

public class StateTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PlayContext playContext = new PlayContext();
        State startPlay = new StartPlay();
        State stopPlay = new StopPlay();
        playContext.setState(startPlay);
        playContext.doAction();
        playContext.setState(stopPlay);
        playContext.doAction();
    }
}

Mehmon

Tavsif :

Tegishli ob'ektlarni guruhlash bo'yicha operatsiyalarni soddalashtirish uchun foydalaniladi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Visitor {
    void visit(SportCar sportCar);
    void visit(Engine engine);
    void visit(Whell whell);
}
interface Car {
    void accept(Visitor visitor);
}
class Engine implements Car {
    public void accept(Visitor visitor) {
        visitor.visit(this);
    }
}
class Whell implements Car {
    public void accept(Visitor visitor) {
        visitor.visit(this);
    }
}
class SportCar implements Car {
    Car[] cars;
    public SportCar(){
        cars = new Car[]{new Engine(), new Whell()};
    }
    public void accept(Visitor visitor) {
        for (int i = 0; i < cars.length; i++) {
            cars[i].accept(visitor);
        }
        visitor.visit(this);
    }
}
class CarVisitor implements Visitor {
    public void visit(SportCar computer) {
        print("car");
    }
    public void visit(Engine engine) {
        print("engine");
    }
    public void visit(Whell whell) {
        print("whell");
    }
    private void print(String string) {
        System.out.println(string);
    }
}

public class VisitorTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car computer = new SportCar();
        computer.accept(new CarVisitor());
    }
}

Tarjimon

Tavsif :

Muammoli domen uchun oddiy til grammatikasini aniqlash imkonini beradi.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Expression {
    String interpret(Context context);
}
class Context {
    public String getLowerCase(String s){
        return s.toLowerCase();
    }
    public String getUpperCase(String s){
        return s.toUpperCase();
    }
}
class LowerExpression implements Expression {
    private String s;
    public LoverExpression(String s) {
        this.s = s;
    }
    public String interpret(Context context) {
        return context.getLoverCase(s);
    }
}
class UpperExpression implements Expression {
    private String s;
    public UpperExpression(String s) {
        this.s = s;
    }
    public String interpret(Context context) {
        return context.getUpperCase(s);
    }
}

public class InterpreterTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = "TesT";
        Context context = new Context();
        Expression loverExpression = new LoverExpression(str);
        str = loverExpression.interpret(context);
        System.out.println(str);
        Expression upperExpression = new UpperExpression(str);
        str = upperExpression.interpret(context);
        System.out.println(str);
    }
}

Iterator

Tavsif :

To'plam ob'ektining elementlariga uning asosiy ko'rinishini bilmasdan ketma-ket kirish.

Amalga oshirish:

interface Iterator {
    boolean hasNext();
    Object next();
}
class Numbers {
    public int num[] = {1 , 2, 3};
    public Iterator getIterator() {
        return new NumbersIterator();
    }
    private class NumbersIterator implements Iterator {
        int ind;
        public boolean hasNext() {
            if(ind < num.length) return true;
            return false;
        }
        public Object next() {
            if(this.hasNext()) return num[ind++];
            return null;
        }
    }
}

public class IteratorTest {//тест
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Numbers numbers = new Numbers();
        Iterator iterator = numbers.getIterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(iterator.next());
        }
    }
}

Memento (Guardian)

Tavsif :

Ob'ektning joriy holatini saqlashga imkon beradi, bu holat keyinroq tiklanishi mumkin. Inkapsulyatsiyani buzmaydi.

Amalga oshirish:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
class Memento {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Memento(String name, int age){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}
class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public User(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        System.out.println(String.format("create: name = %s, age = %s", name, age));
    }
    public Memento save(){
        System.out.println(String.format("save: name = %s, age = %s", name, age));
        return new Memento(name, age);
    }
    public void restore(Memento memento){
        name = memento.getName();
        age = memento.getAge();
        System.out.println(String.format("restore: name = %s, age = %s", name, age));
    }
}
class SaveUser {
    private List<Memento> list = new ArrayList<Memento>();
    public void add(Memento memento){
        list.

Izohlar

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